Xian is regarded as the capital city of Shaanxi Province in
China. It is a sub-provincial city in the northwestern part of the country and
the oldest of the four great ancient capitals, which held the position under
various important dynasties in Chinese history, containing the Western Zhou,
Qin, Western Han, Sui and Tang.
This city is the initial point of the Silk Road. It has
re-emerged as a crucial cultural, industrial and educational centre of the
central-northwest region. It provides facilities for research and development,
national security and space exploration. It is also considered the most
populous city in northwest China.
Xian rests on the Guanzhong Plain, which is created by the
surrounding rivers and streams. It experiences a temperate climate. Snowfall
occurs in winter but doesn't settle down for long. Thunderstorms often occur in
the summer months.
Tourists gather here in large number mainly during summer,
whereas the most pleasant time for visiting this city is autumn. Tourism forms
an integral component of the local economy, since the city is one of the most
popular tourist spot in China.
The Terracotta Army is a collection of terracotta
sculptures, signifying the armies of Qin Shi Huang, who was the first emperor
of China. It is a type of funerary art buried along with the emperor. Its goal
was to protect the emperor in his afterlife.
The sculptures differ in height according to their roles,
with the tallest being the generals. The figures consisted of warriors,
chariots and horses. Non-military terracotta figures were discovered in other
pits, including officials, acrobats, strongmen and musicians. The Terracotta
Army is a mere portion of a much larger necropolis.
Banpo is an archaeological site, which is situated in the
Yellow River Valley to the east of Xian. It contains the remains of numerous
well-organised Neolithic settlements, such as Jiangzhai. It is essentially a
type site, closely associated with Yangshao culture.
The settlement was surrounded by a moat, with the graves and
pottery kilns lying outside the moat boundaries. The houses were sustained by
timber poles and had steeply pitched thatched roofs. It provides little
evidence about the religious and political structure.
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